{"product_id":"black-white-and-brown-the-battle-for-progress-in-1950s-norfolk-paperback","title":"Black, White and Brown: The Battle for Progress in 1950s Norfolk - Paperback","description":"\u003cdiv\u003e\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/reportcopyrightinfringement.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eReport copyright infringement\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\u003cp\u003eby \u003cb\u003eForrest R. White\u003c\/b\u003e (Author)\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eTwo movements make the 1950s in Norfolk, Virginia so remarkable: the voracious local attack upon urban blight, and the ferocious state resistance to desegregation in its public schools.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eOne of the first cities in the United States to initiate large-scale postwar redevelopment efforts, Norfolk was also a chief battleground in Virginia for court-ordered school desegregation. Norfolk native \u003cstrong\u003eForrest R. \"Hap\" White\u003c\/strong\u003e shows how Norfolk, and other Southern cities, used the powers of redevelopment and city planning to not only reshape the aging Southern port city for the twentieth century, but also to resist and delay social progress, and specifically the public school desegregation ordered by the Supreme Court's 1954 ruling in \u003cem\u003eBrown vs. Board of Education\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e There are heroes, too. Forces for progress, including many private citizens both black and white, the \"Norfolk 17,\" the N.A.A.C.P., the \u003cem\u003eVirginian-Pilot\u003c\/em\u003e newspaper, the federal courts system, and the U.S. Navy, fought to eventually reverse the Massive Resistance school closings that were Virginia's response to \u003cem\u003eBrown.\u003c\/em\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eNumber of Pages:\u003c\/strong\u003e 290\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDimensions:\u003c\/strong\u003e 0.65 x 9 x 6 IN\u003c\/div\u003e\n            \u003cdiv\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003ePublication Date:\u003c\/strong\u003e October 02, 2018\u003c\/div\u003e\n            ","brand":"BooksCloud","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":53757318660429,"sku":"9781732310506","price":47.56,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0927\/3304\/7117\/files\/b3FLTTJDeVRLR01MZ1VZSkpobUFtQT09.webp?v=1776761239","url":"https:\/\/belfastbooks.us\/products\/black-white-and-brown-the-battle-for-progress-in-1950s-norfolk-paperback","provider":"belfastbooks.us","version":"1.0","type":"link"}